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Science-based · updated 19 Oct 2026

What the new peptide medicines achieve – in trial numbers.

Results first, sources always: we chart the landmark trials and track the newest studies every week.

Average weight loss in landmark trials% of body weight · treatment vs placebo
TreatmentPlacebo
RetatrutideTRIUMPH-1 · 80 wk¹
25.0%
3.9%
TirzepatideSURMOUNT-1 · 72 wk¹
20.9%
3.1%
CagriSemaREDEFINE 1 · 68 wk
20.4%
3.0%
SemaglutideSTEP 1 · 68 wk
14.9%
2.4%

¹ Highest-level treatment group. Different trials, durations and populations – not a head-to-head comparison.

Sources: TRIUMPH-1 · NEJM 2026 · SURMOUNT-1 · NEJM 2022 · REDEFINE 1 · NEJM 2025 · STEP 1 · NEJM 2021

Average weight loss in landmark trialsTrialTreatmentPlacebo
RetatrutideTRIUMPH-125.0%3.9%
TirzepatideSURMOUNT-120.9%3.1%
CagriSemaREDEFINE 120.4%3.0%
SemaglutideSTEP 114.9%2.4%

The research, visualised

Three things the data shows

How the new weight-loss medicines workWhich hormone receptors each one activates
GLP-1GIPGlucagonAmylin
Liraglutide1×
Semaglutide1×
Tirzepatide2×
Retatrutide3×
CagriSema2×

Source: Peptilex 1, profile overview (type of each peptide)

Beyond the scale: semaglutideOutcomes in large randomized trials
20%fewer heart attacks, strokes or cardiovascular deathsSELECT · 17,604 people · NEJM 2023
24%fewer major kidney eventsFLOW · 3,533 people · NEJM 2024
TreatmentPlacebo
MASH resolvedESSENCE · 72 wk
62.9%
34.3%

Sources: SELECT · NEJM 2023 · FLOW · NEJM 2024 · ESSENCE · NEJM 2025

Healing & immune peptides: human results% · treatment vs comparison group
TreatmentComparison
GHK-Cu gelMedian wound closure · Mulder et al.
98.5%
60.8%
Thymosin alpha-1Complete response, chronic hepatitis B · Chien et al.
40.6%
9.4%

Sources: Mulder et al. · Wound Repair Regen 1994 · Chien et al. · Hepatology 1998

Go deeper

All 34 peptides in one book

Every profile: what it is, the key studies, the evidence grade and where it stands in 2026.

Peptilex – The Peptide Encyclopedia, book cover

Peptilex – The Peptide Encyclopedia

  • 34 peptides – from semaglutide to BPC-157 – in one book
  • An evidence grade (A–E) and the key studies for every peptide
  • Where each one stands in 2026 – US, EU and Switzerland

Formats: Kindle · Paperback · Hardcover

Amazon store: amazon.ca · Change store

Peptilex – The Honest GLP-1 Handbook, book cover
Coming soonPeptilex – The Honest GLP-1 HandbookSemaglutide, tirzepatide and the new pills, explained for adults over 50.

Peptides A–Z

34 peptides, one evidence scale

One Peptilex evidence grade per peptide for its main use – from approved medicine (A) to mainly cell studies (E). Tap a peptide to see its research.

All peptides A–Z
Where each peptide standsPeptilex evidence grade for the main use

Source: Peptilex evidence grades A–E (Peptilex 1, Appendix A; tracked peptides: weekly review)

Latest update · 19 Oct 2026

New in peptide research

All research news
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